Twenty countries and the European Union have called for international cooperation to ensure artificial intelligence (AI) remains under human control, proposing the potential creation of a global oversight body to set and enforce standards.
The countries, including Germany, South Africa, Canada, Australia, the United Arab Emirates, and Singapore, issued a joint statement on Monday as global leaders prepared to discuss the risks posed by rapidly advancing AI at the annual gathering of the United Nations General Assembly.
The declaration, released by the office of Finnish President Alexander Stubb, urges governments and industry to act immediately to ensure AI is developed in line with international law and remains under “human direction, oversight and control”.
“To realise AI’s potential, industry, governments and society must act now,” the statement reads. “We must address these risks and strengthen oversight – without widening the gap between countries in access to the benefits of AI.”
The declaration encourages countries to develop and coordinate “common standards”, share reports of serious safety incidents, and explore the establishment of an international institution to “set standards, enable verification, and convene states when capability thresholds are crossed”.
Signatories include German Chancellor Friedrich Merz, Norwegian Prime Minister Jonas Gahr Store, European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen, Kenyan President William Ruto, Kazakh President Kassym-Jomart Tokayev, and Turkish Foreign Minister Hakan Fidan.
The United States and China, the world’s two leading AI powers, did not join the statement, which remains “open for endorsement” by other countries.
US President Donald Trump and Chinese President Xi Jinping are expected to discuss AI when they meet at the White House on Thursday for their third face-to-face summit in less than a year.
Washington and Beijing, which are in a race to dominate cutting-edge technologies, have both rejected calls to slow down AI development to ensure greater safety.
Other major AI players not among the signatories include India, South Korea, Japan, the United Kingdom, and France.
The declaration comes as the AI sector is engaged in a heated debate about safety following calls for a slowdown in development by top industry leaders.
In an essay earlier this month, Anthropic CEO Dario Amodei urged firms to “slow the pace” of development to mitigate risks, a proposal that was swiftly endorsed by rivals including OpenAI CEO Sam Altman and SpaceX and Tesla CEO Elon Musk.
Amodei’s call followed a series of incidents where AI models engaged in unsanctioned malign activity, including an incident in July in which AI agents being tested by OpenAI hacked the AI start-up Hugging Face.
In the latest intervention by industry on Monday, OpenAI stated that the US should lead an international effort to develop technical standards for advanced AI.
“The United States is well positioned to lead because its AI industry is at the technical frontier, and it still stands in a privileged global network position in critical areas such as finance, trade, defense, technology, and information systems,” the San Francisco-based AI giant said in a blog post.
“Leading now will determine whether the United States shapes the global AI framework or watches a fragmented, uneven, and conflict-ridden system take hold around it.”
The UN-backed Independent International Scientific Panel on AI, which examined the Hugging Face incident, also added its voice on Monday to calls for new guardrails, stating that the cyberattack had exposed the “unravelling” of existing safeguards.
